THE KINETICS OF THE NONDISSOLVING VOLUME AND STRUCTURAL FORCES OF THEINTERACTION BETWEEN PARTICLES - A PHENOMENOLOGICAL STUDY

A radioisotope technique for studying the kinetics of the nondissolvin g,a volume with the use of Cl-36(-) was developed. Suspensions of mono ionic forms of montmorillonite in 1 M solutions of chlorides of alkali and alkaline-earth metals (lithium, sodium, cesium, and calcium) with a varying content of the solid phase were studied. An increase in the content of chlorine ions in the dispersion medium, which is due to th e appearance of liquid layers with a specific structure near the surfa ce of clay particles and to structural forces of repulsion, is observe d over the course of several decades and may be approximated by an exp onential function. The concentration of the solid phase significantly affects the value of the nondissolving volume: as the concentration in creases, the effect is reduced until it becomes nullified. The establi shed regularities were explained on the basis of ideas about the rever sible aggregation of particles in suspensions.