THE KINETICS OF THE NONDISSOLVING VOLUME AND STRUCTURAL FORCES OF THEINTERACTION BETWEEN PARTICLES - THE LYOTROPIC SERIES OF IONS

The effect of exchange cations on the interaction of particles is dete rmined on the basis of data on the kinetics of the nondissolving volum e for suspensions of the monoionic forms of Li-, Na-, Cs-, and Ca-mont morillonite in the corresponding 1 M solutions of chlorides. The param eters that characterize the magnitude and effective range of the struc tural forces are determined; the dependence of these forces on the dis tance between the surfaces of microobjects is found for the lyotropic series of ions. The effective ranges of the structural forces change i n the same manner as the size of the hydrated exchange cations. With r egard for the parameters found, the potential curves of the interactio n between particles are calculated. The data on the minimum and maximu m values at the potential curve of pairwise interaction are compared w ith the probability of a change in the interplanar distances in the la mellar structure of the clay mineral.