I. Takahashi et Yh. Mori, AN OPTICAL TECHNIQUE FOR DETECTING MINUTE-AMPLITUDE STANDING WAVES ONA LIQUID JET, Experiments in fluids, 19(6), 1995, pp. 429-431
A liquid jet emerging from a nozzIe or an orifice whose outlet is slig
htly elliptic has a series of minute-amplitude waves on its surface. A
quite simple technique is proposed which enables detecting such waves
even if they are no longer recognizable with the aid of ordinary back
lighting of the jet.