In recent years, drastic political changes in France have produced not
hing but new questions on the national administrative pattern. The ''a
lternance'' did not basically alter public administration weight or so
cial structure. At the same time, as a new institutional game was inst
alled (decentralization, EC integration process, new demands coming fr
om citizens), administrative change (''modernization'') gained new int
erest. A general discussion of this modernization process (civil servi
ce management, policy evaluation, etc.,) shows that, in many respects,
administrative reform is a substitute for political change. The tradi
tional State-centred political system recently gave way to a pluralist
ic policy-centred system. But, if there are no more ideological contro
versies around public administration, nor are there any more political
guidelines for the modernization process.