Mr. Bush et al., PARATHION RESISTANCE AND ESTERASE-ACTIVITY IN CODLING MOTH (LEPIDOPTERA, TORTRICIDAE) FROM NORTH-CAROLINA, Journal of economic entomology, 86(3), 1993, pp. 660-666
In 1989, we performed a sticky-card bioassay on adult males captured w
ith pheromone traps that revealed an 8-fold resistance to parathion in
a population of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), from a commercial
apple orchard in Wilkes County, NC. In 1991, parathion resistance in
this population was confirmed with a sticky-card bioassay that exposed
adult males to a diagnostic concentration of 120 mug (AI) parathion p
er gram adhesive (the estimated LC95 for adult males from susceptible
populations). Reduced nonspecific esterase activity detected in adult
males captured in the population resistant to parathion suggests that
the mechanism of codling moth resistance to parathion may be a modifie
d esterase with lower specificity for naphthyl acetate substrates. In
1990, the sticky-card bioassay did not detect azinphosmethyl resistanc
e in adult males from a commercial apple orchard in Henderson County,
NC, that experienced inadequate codling moth control with azinphosmeth
yl. In 1991, the sticky-card bioassay with a diagnostic concentration
of 110 mug (AI) azinphosmethyl per gram adhesive (the estimated LC95 f
or adult males from susceptible populations) again failed to detect az
inphosmethyl resistance in adult males from this codling moth populati
on.