CHOLIC-ACID AND URSODEOXYCHOLIC ACID THERAPY IN PRIMARY BILIARY-CIRRHOSIS - CHANGES IN BILE-ACID PATTERNS AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH LIVER-FUNCTION

We treated 6 patients with Stage II primary biliary cirrhosis with cho lic acid (CA) 10 mg . kg - 1 per day for 3 months and then with the sa me dose of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA). A matching group of 6 patients was observed for 3 months without any therapy. Liver function tests a nd serum and stool bile acids were investigated before, during and at the end of CA and UDCA therapy. The results of liver function tests de teriorated after 6-8 weeks of CA therapy and the changes were correlat ed (r = 0.92) with an increase in alpha-dihydroxy-bile acids (chenodeo xycholic acid and deoxycholic acid) in the serum. The 24 h excretion o f DCA in 24 h faeces was markedly increased. Ursodeoxycholic acid trea tment improved liver function tests; after 4 weeks glutamate dehydroge nase (GLDH) had decreased. After 8-12 weeks of therapy ursodeoxycholic acid had increased to 50-60 % of the total serum bile acids whereas t he more apolar bile acids were significantly decreased. No changes in liver function tests or bile acid metabolism were found in the untreat ed group. Since CA and UDCA are non-toxic in man, this trial indicates that the apolar bile acids chenodeoxycholic acid and deoxycholic acid may be responsible for the deterioration of liver function in primary biliary cirrhosis. However, the therapeutic effect of UDCA cannot be explained merely by the decrease in alpha-dihydroxy-bile acids in the serum, since the laboratory results had improved prior to the decrease in the serum apolar bile acids.