The general prevalence of depression and schizophrenia was determined
in a random outpatient population (n = 67) of refractory epileptic pat
ients by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) and Beck D
epression Inventory (BDI). Of those patients 25% showed scores of mode
rate or severe depression. Self-help group intervention modifies signi
ficantly (p < 0.001) general mean depression rates, especially dystimi
a. Male and female differences emerged in our study for previous preva
lence and pattern of recovery.