A systematic investigation of double-electron KL-edge resonances in x-
ray-absorption spectra of third-period atoms (Si, P, S, and Cl) is pre
sented. Experimental data on NaH2PO4, Graham's salts (Na2O:P2O5), Na4P
2O7, elemental S, Na2SO3, K2SO4, CuSO4, Na2S2O3, Na2S2O6, NaClO2, NaCl
O3, and NH4ClO4 are reported and discussed in combination with previou
s measurements at the Si KL edge of SiX4, (X = H, CH3, Br, Cl, F) mole
cules. The further comparison of these results with KL-edge structures
in Ne and Ar provides an almost complete overview of these excitation
s for third-period atoms. A compilation of energies and oscillator str
engths for the dominant resonances is reported and the main trends of
energy splitting, intensity, and energy position versus oxidation stat
e and Z number are discussed.