We provide new upper and lower bounds for the Betti numbers of nilpote
nt Lie algebras. As an application, we prove the toral rank conjecture
(TRC) for nilmanifolds of dimension at most 14 and for a small class
of coformal spaces. We also give a new, direct proof of the result of
Deninger and Singhof that the TRC is true for a-step nilpotent Lie alg
ebras.