The authors present an analysis of an a posteriori error estimator bas
ed on the use of hierarchical basis functions. The authors analyze non
linear, nonselfadjoint, and indefinite problems as well as the selfadj
oint, positive-definite case. Because both the analysis and the estima
tor itself are quite simple, it is easy to see how various approximati
ons affect the quality of the estimator. As examples, the authors appl
y the theory to some scalar elliptic equations and the Stokes system o
f equations.