The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) generall
y has four subscales, based on original factor analytic studies. Our u
se of the CES-D with a random sample of 400 adults reveals a five-fact
or solution when data is subjected to a principal components factor an
alysis with a varimax rotation. This accounts for several items that d
id not load on previous factor analyses and may indicate the appropria
teness of a fifth subscale.