Lyme disease is recognized in many parts of the world, including large
areas of North America, Europe, Asia and Australia. Diagnosis and tre
atment of the disease is essential to avoid the debilitating and poten
tially life-threatening long-term effects of the infection; however, m
any physicians may not be aware of the international scope of the dise
ase. This is particularly important for military physicians whose pati
ents may visit or live in endemic areas and whose activities may bring
them in contact with the organism. We report here the case of a soldi
er with near-fatal Lyme carditis acquired in Europe and presenting in
Massachusetts.