Difference holographic interferometry (DHI) can be used for direct opt
ical comparison of two nominally identical objects (master and test) a
nd gives the results of the comparison in the form of an interference
pattern displaying the difference in deformation, shape, or refractive
index distribution change of the two objects. The concept of the DHI
is discussed and the main techniques and typical applications are pres
ented. Finally, theory is briefly overviewed.