Chlamydia trachomatis elementary bodies contain two developmentally ex
pressed histone H1 homologues. An 18-kDa histone homologue, Hcl, is co
nserved among C. trachomatis serovars and C. psittaci. The other histo
ne homologue, Hc2 (encoded by hctB), varies in size between C. trachom
atis serovars but is present in reduced amounts or absent from C. psit
taci. The variation in Hc2 size among C. trachomatis serovars was foun
d to be due to internal deletions from a region of the hctB gene encod
ing lysine- and alanine-rich pentameric repeats.