CLOSING THE GAPS IN KNOWLEDGE, POLICY AND ACTION TO ADDRESS WATER ISSUES IN FORESTS

Water issues on forest lands involve many human elements and needs tha t are not addressed by advanced physical and biological research and t echnology. Major gaps in our knowledge of important patterns of climat e, soils, and terrain can be filled by relatively basic data collectio n and monitoring programs. Careful analysis of existing data and field experience also can reveal appropriate directions for management. A f ocus on problem-solving can direct research more effectively towards t he resolution of key issues. Despite their impact, resource policies h ave widely varying scientific foundations. Policy-makers need sound pr ocesses for policy development, including timely technical input that is clear, objective, and related to socio-economic considerations. Res ource polices should be consistent and include not only regulation, bu t also research, education, assistance, and incentives. Knowledge and sound policies still may not produce the desired on-the-ground actions , however, because of variable awareness, understanding, skill, or sup ervision in the field. Education and training programs are important n ot only for resource technicians, but also for contractors, operators, and other forest workers. Good planning, communication, and field coo rdination further insure that problems are avoided and new opportuniti es for effective actions are identified.