HEPATIC AMYLOIDOSIS IN INTRAVENOUS DRUG-ABUSERS AND AIDS PATIENTS

The clinical and pathological features of four liver biopsies and 12 a utopsies from 1981-1990 with hepatic amyloidosis were reviewed. All of the patients had a history of both intravenous and subcutaneous cocai ne and heroin use with chronic suppurative skin ulcers. Five patients were proven to have the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome at autopsy. Systemic amyloidosis was diagnosed in only five out of the 16 patient s prior to death. Hepatomegaly was present in 12 patients. The amyloid protein was AA in 14 and AL in one case. Definitive characterization of the amyloid substance was not possible in one case. There was no ev idence of multiple myeloma or a plasma cell dyscrasia in the one patie nt with AL amyloid. The amyloid distribution in the liver was both par enchymal and vascular in 12 cases. Cholestasis, which appeared to occu r preterminally, was the only histological finding that correlated wit h the patient's clinical condition. The histological pattern of amyloi d in the liver could not predict the type of amyloid protein that was identified. Amyloidosis should be considered in the differential diagn osis of unexplained hepatomegaly in the acquired immunodeficiency synd rome with chronic suppurative infections.