T. Wang et al., DETECTING TRAPPED VORTICES USING VARIABLE-RANGE-HOPPING IN A 2-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEM, Applied physics letters, 63(16), 1993, pp. 2277-2278
Giant magnetoresistance was observed in a disordered two-dimensional e
lectron system in a variable-range hopping regime. The possibility of
utilizing the phenomenon as a magnetic field sensor was demonstrated b
y the detection of trapped vortices in a superconducting Pb film. The
minimum size of such a device is discussed.