Kr. Markham et Dj. Ofman, LISIANTHUS FLAVONOID PIGMENTS AND FACTORS INFLUENCING THEIR EXPRESSION IN FLOWER COLOR, Phytochemistry, 34(3), 1993, pp. 679-685
NMR, MS and analytical data are cited in support of the newly defined
complete structures of the major flavonoid pigments and copigments in
lisianthus flowers. The copigments newly characterized and found in fl
owers of all colours are ylgalactopyranoside]-7-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyrano
side, its Z-isomer and by analogy, the lesser isorhamnetin and myricet
in equivalents. Purple flower pigments with newly defined structures a
re: a-D-[6-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosylgalactopyranoside] 5-O-beta-D-[6-E
-p-coumaroylglucopyranoside], its Z-isomer, and by analogy the lesser
cyanidin equivalent, together with oside-5-O-beta-D-[6-E-p-coumaroylgl
ucopyranoside], its Z-isomer, and by analogy the lesser cyanidin equiv
alent. Different pigment/copigment compositions are shown to account f
or the basic colour differences between white, cream, pink, mauve and
purple flowers, but other factors involved in stabilizing and fine-tun
ing the colours are pigment concentration, copigmentation and pH contr
ol.