AQUARIUM SCIENCE - THE SUBSTANCE BEHIND AN IMAGE - COMMENTARY

A change occurring in commercial aquaria is transforming them from cen ters of entertainment to places that emphasize education, science, and wildlife conservation. If this transformation is to be authentic, it must be based on a greater understanding of the animals in their capti ve environment. A stronger scientific basis for husbandry management, education, and conservation is needed. A systems approach to aquariolo gy, aimed at both the individual holding facility and the aquarium ins titution, is suggested. A science of ''aquariology,'' i.e., the study of animals in controlled aquatic systems, needs to be advanced, and a program instituted in which research, management, education, and conse rvation goals are integrated. Aquarium science should emphasize an eco system approach and consider the evolutionary history of the species h eld. Exhibits could focus on the role of organisms in ecosystems to be tter encourage public understanding and support for aquatic conservati on. A systems approach could also facilitate communications among mana gers, staff, and outside experts, as well as contribute to the long-te rm care of the organisms and their capacity to adapt. A systems approa ch is essential if the aquarium image is based more on understanding a nd conserving aquatic life and less on public relations and exploitati on of wild species. (C) 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.