K. Koide et Y. Toyozawa, THE EFFECT OF PATH OBSERVATION ON QUANTUM INTERFERENCE PATTERN, Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, 62(10), 1993, pp. 3395-3401
A Gedankenexperiment is presented on the effect of imperfect detection
of the electron path on the double slit interference pattern. Incorpo
rating into our quantum system the detectors for the electron path and
the observer who recognizes the response of the detectors, one can de
compose the ensemble of electrons with their spots on the film into th
ree subensembles according as the upper, lower or neither detector res
ponds. Only the third ensemble shows the interference pattern. Negativ
e result measurement is included as a special case. This Gedankenexper
iment allows one to put the argument of Bohr's complementarity of the
wave/particle duality on a quantitative basis. The realization of the
experiment is well within the high technology of the present day.