Acetylcholine activates muscarinic receptors on smooth muscle to cause
depolarization and contraction. Several mechanisms can contribute to
depolarization, including activation of inward cation and Cl- currents
, suppression of outward K+ currents, and augmentation of voltage-depe
ndent Ca2+ current. Acetylcholine also releases Ca2+ from internal sto
res, directly contributing to contraction.