This report describes the first in utero repair of diaphragmatic herni
a in Australia. The patient was a 32 year old woman with major inferti
lity problems who was diagnosed at 15 weeks gestation as having an inf
ant with diaphragmatic hernia. After extensive consideration and couns
elling the parents requested in utero repair. This was performed at 28
weeks gestation and was technically successful, but the infant was fo
und to be dead after uterine closure. The mother has subsequently been
delivered of normal twins at term by Caesarean section.In utero repai
r of diaphragmatic hernia requires a high degree of team work, is tech
nically demanding and has major ethical implications. It should be res
tricted to nationally designated units.