Mj. Koren et al., COMPARISON OF LEFT-VENTRICULAR MASS AND GEOMETRY IN BLACK-AND-WHITE PATIENTS WITH ESSENTIAL-HYPERTENSION, American journal of hypertension, 6(10), 1993, pp. 815-823
To assess racial difference in cardiac responses to elevated blood pre
ssure, we compared echocardiographic measurements of left ventricular
(LV) mass and the wall thickness to chamber dimension ratio (relative
wall thickness) in 380 white and 47 black patients with uncomplicated
essential hypertension consecutively enrolled in echocardiographic res
earch studies at The New York Hospital Hypertension Center. Diastolic
blood pressure and weight were slightly greater in black as compared w
ith white subjects (104 +/- 18 v 98 +/- 11 mm Hg; P = .014 and 82 +/-
17 v 77 +/- 15 kg; P = .037, respectively), however the groups were si
milar with respect to age, duration of hypertension, cholesterol level
, cigarette smoking, past use of antihypertensive therapy, family hist
ory of heart disease, and height. On average, LV mass indexed for body
surface area and relative wall thickness were significantly greater i
n blacks than whites (119 v 105 g/m2; p = .02 and 0.46 v 0.39; P = .00
3) and blacks had twice the prevalence of LV hypertrophy (41% v 19%; P
< .001) or concentric remodeling (21% v 12%; P < .05). The magnitude
of increased LV mass and relative wall thickness in blacks was similar
in men (132 v 110 g/m2; p =.01 and 0.44 v 0.39; P = .04) and in women
(107 v 94 g/m2; p = .11 and 0.48 v 0.39; P = .02). In multivariate an
alyses, systolic blood pressure, age, and race were consistently predi
ctors of increased LV mass and abnormal cardiac geometry. Cholesterol
level was not independently associated with increased LV mass but was
weakly associated with increased relative wall thickness. We conclude
that black hypertensives are more likely to exhibit adverse changes in
LV mass and geometry which may contribute to the higher risk of sudde
n cardiac death and myocardial infarction case fatality rates found in
blacks as compared to whites.