SIMULATED AND OBSERVED BACKSCATTER AT P-BAND, L-BAND, AND C-BAND FROMPONDEROSA PINE STANDS

We compared the output of the Santa Barbara microwave canopy backscatt er model to polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for three ponderosa pine stands (ST-2, ST-11, and SP-2) with discontinuous tree canopies near Mt. Shasta, California, at P-band (0.68-m wavelength), L-band (0.235-m wavelength), and C-band (0.056-m wavelength). Given th e SAR data calibration uncertainty, the model made good predictions of the P-HH, P-VV, L-HH, C-HH, and C-HV backscatter for the three stands , and the P-HV and L-HV backscatter for ST-2 and SP-2. The model under estimated C-VV for the three stands, and P-HV, L-HV, and L-VV backscat ter for ST-11. The observed and modeled VV-HH phase differences were s imilar or equal to 0 degrees for the three stands at C-band and L-band , and for SP-2 at P-band. At P-band, the observed and modeled VV-HH ph ase differences were at least -80 degrees for ST-2 and ST-11, which in dicates that double-bounce scattering contributes to the total backsca tter for the two stands.