Ja. Visintainer et al., ACOUSTIC PREDICTIONS USING MEASURED PRESSURES FROM A MODEL ROTOR IN THE DNW, Journal of the American Helicopter Society, 38(3), 1993, pp. 35-44
A contemporary design, 4-bladed United Technologies model rotor with p
ressure-instrumented blades was tested in the Duits-Nederlandse Windtu
nnel. Simultaneous acoustic and pressure measurements were made for a
wide range of operating conditions. Microphones were positioned at a n
umber of locations in the flow forward of the rotor to measure rotor t
hickness noise and high-speed impulsive noise (in the rotor plane), an
d blade-vortex interaction noise (forward and below the rotor plane).
The blade surface pressure data are used as aerodynamic input to WOPWO
P, which is a rotor noise prediction program that predicts thickness a
nd loading noise. The predicted results using WOPWOP are compared to t
he measured noise levels for cases where either the noise, blade-vorte
x interaction noise, or high-speed impulsive noise is the dominant noi
se mechanism. The comparisons show regions of good agreement, as well
as areas where further improvement is necessary.