The modern poultry industry oriented for high production and better qu
ality at low cost, together with increasing claim of consumers for pou
ltry meat products, demands continuous efficient and goal oriented vet
erinary care. The present review describes the history of turkey domes
tication and the organisation of commercial meat turkey industry in Ge
rmany as well as disease conditions and problems related to rearing sy
stem and genetics in meat turkeys with special reference to cannibalis
m and debeaking problem, respiratory diseases, leg weakness, breast bl
isters and aortic rupture.