FLUID RESTRICTION PRIOR TO CYCLE EXERCISE - EFFECTS ON PLASMA-VOLUME AND PLASMA-PROTEINS

The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that changes in e xercise intensity dominate the PV response to cycle exercise in the he at independent of the initial plasma volume (PV) and total circulating protein (TCP) content. The two experimental treatments (counterbalanc ed design) were performed by nine trained male cyclists (age = 23 +/- 1 yr, VO2peak = 63 +/- 4 ml. kg-1.min-1) in both a euhydrated (EU) and hypohydrated (HP, 24-h fluid restriction) state. Blood volume was mea sured (carbon monoxide dilution) 30 min prior to each test and subsequ ent changes in PV were calculated from serial venous blood samples usi ng hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration. Following 20 min of seated rest in a warm environment (T(db) = 30-degrees-C, 50-60% RH), each su bject cycled in a semi-reclining posture for 60 min at three successiv e intensities (60, 120, and 180 W for 20 min each, representing almost -equal-to 22, 37, and 53% VO2peak). Fluid restriction reduced (P < 0.0 5) body weight by 1.4 0.3 kg (1.8 +/- 0.4%), PV by 353 +/- 73 ml (8 +/ - 2%) TCP by 20 +/- 7 g (7 +/- 2 %), and elevated serum osmolality by 6 +/- 2 mOsm.kg-1 (2 +/- 1%). After 20 min of passive heat exposure (p rior to exercise), TCP content remained lower (P < 0.05) in HP (17 +/- 5 g) compared with EU as PV increased (P < 0.05) in EU (222 +/- 27 ml ) but not (P > 0.05) in HP (122 +/- 35 ml). During exercise, TCP decre ased (P < 0.05) in HP by 14 +/- 3 g, which further increased the diffe rence (P < 0.05) between EU and HP. However, during exercise the overa ll loss of PV was similar between EU (472 +/- 54 ml; 10.7 +/- 1%) and HP (470 +/- 43 ml, 11.2 +/- 1%), respectively. These data support the hypothesis that in trained subjects, despite differences in TCP conten t between hydration states, hypohydration induced by 24-h fluid restri ction does not affect the subsequent rate of PV loss during cycle exer cise in a warm environment. This implies that, during cycle exercise, hydrostatic forces (rather than oncotic forces) drive PV exchanges.