The avenues of development, successes and failures of modern neurosurg
ery taking into account the factors of its humanisation and dehumanisa
tion are analysed. A new model of humanisation of neurosurgery to give
it a human face for the future is outlined. Suggestions are made to p
repare the neurosurgeons for 21st century. The main pre-condition for
the humanisation of neurosurgery in the 21st century are that neurosur
geon must not only be Homo Sapiens, but also Homo Moralis.