In recent years, laparoscopic and thoracoscopic surgery has undergone
extremely rapid development. Cholecystectomy using this technique to t
reat patients with gallstones has already become standard procedure in
some hospitals. The development of new instruments permits the use of
this surgical modality for numerous other indications as well. The ad
vantages and disadvantages of this new form of surgery vis-a-vis conve
ntional surgery have yet to be established. It is, however, already cl
ear that minimally invasive surgery is no passing fad, but. that it wi
ll change the face of modern surgery.