INTENSIVE CHEMOTHERAPY FOR ADULT ACUTE LYMPHOBLASTIC-LEUKEMIA GIVEN WITH OR WITHOUT GRANULOCYTE-MACROPHAGE COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR

Twenty-six patients with newly diagnosed ALL (age range 15-49 years, m edian 32 years) received treatment comprising: cycles 1 and 2: adriamy cin 30 mg/ m(2) days 1-3, vincristine: 2 mg days 1, 8, and 15, with pr ednisolone 40 mg daily, given until complete remission (CR). L-asparag inase 10000 units/m(2), days 1-14, was given only with the first cycle . Cycle 3 consisted of 100 mg/m(2) etoposide orally, days 1-5, and 1 g m/m(2) bd cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) days 1-5. Cycles 1-3 were then repeated. Intrathecal methotrexate (MTX) 12.5 mg was given on day 1 of each treatment cycle. The first 12 consecutive patients received this chemotherapy alone, the subsequent 14 received, in addition, 3 mu g/k g GM-CSF subcutaneously, from day 4 of cycles 1, 2, 4, and 5 (and from day 6 of cycles 3 and 6) until the absolute neutrophil count had reac hed 0.5 x 10(9)/l. All patients in whom CR was achieved then received prophylactic cranial irradiation. With the exception of those with T-A LL, this was followed by oral maintenance therapy consisting of 6-merc aptopurine, MTX, and cyclophosphamide for 3 years. Patients receiving GM-CSF did not have shorter intercycle times or a lower incidence of d ocumented infections than those who did not receive it. The CR rate wa s 89% overall - uninfluenced by GM-CSF, but higher than that achieved previously at St Bartholomew's Hospital in an equivalent age-group.