This survey will begin with a few historical aspects, describe some pa
ssive and active management methods, and discuss selected examples of
manipulation of leading edge separation. It will then deal with some t
ypical flow phenomena which are important for the manipulation of turb
ulent shear flows. A display of active means to manipulate open separa
tion will be followed by a practical example of forcing a separated bo
undary layer to reattach and to form a closed reverse-flow region. The
survey will end with a few remarks on control.