Precracked three-point bend specimens of a ductile ferritic-pearlitic
microalloyed steel (E355 ISO 4950/2) were impact tested in the as-rece
ived condition. The tests were performed at 15, 29 and 43 m/sec impact
velocities. The fracture surfaces were investigated visually and by o
ptical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The results from t
hese techniques are brought together to obtain a detailed description
of the influence of impact velocities on the fracture modes in this ma
terial. All impact velocities result in three different fracture modes
: intergranular dimple rupture, transgranular cleavage and transgranul
ar shear-rupture dimple. The intergranular dimple rupture and the tran
sgranular cleavage are caused mainly by splitting, while the transgran
ular shear-rupture is believed to result from a mixed state of stress:
shear and tension. The transgranular cleavage mode may be described a
s quasi-cleavage fracture to emphasize the presence of the observed te
ar ridges within the cleavage fracture areas. The combination of these
three fracture mechanisms changes with the impact velocity and, in pa
rticular, the brittle mechanism increases with increasing impact veloc
ity. The initial propagation of the main crack is triggered by the sam
e mechanism for all the studied impact velocities (intergranular dimpl
e rupture), but this zone decreases with increasing impact velocity.