A matching-to-sample procedure that engenders observation of two eleme
nts of a complex sample stimulus may establish equivalence relations a
mong those elements. Studies that focus on complex stimulus control wi
ll help determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for equivale
nce class formation. Further studies in this area will benefit by blen
ding the methods and concepts of stimulus equivalence research with th
ose used in studies of conceptually related learning processes. The en
terprise may also profit by reconsidering the role of compound stimulu
s control in the formation of equivalence.