Internal medicine may be in its twilight because it has failed to addr
ess the shortage of primary care physicians by training more general i
nternists. Data from several sources indicate that progressively fewer
persons are entering general internal medicine as opposed to its subs
pecialties. The reasons for this decline include adverse experiences i
n medical school, an unfavorable patient mix, declining incomes, and i
ncreasing hassles in caring for patients. A series of reforms, such as
improving the teaching in medical school, strengthening divisions of
general medicine, and establishing financial incentives, are proposed
to reverse this trend. Other actions that must be taken include stoppi
ng the proliferation of subspecialty certificates, designating and acc
rediting primary care tracks, and cutting subspecialty positions. Inte
rnal medicine's fate is in its own hands, and the discipline must reor
ient itself to conform to societal needs.