Q. Zhan et T. Minemoto, MOMENT INVARIANTS FOR PATTERN-RECOGNITION UNDER TRANSLATION, ROTATION, AND CHANGES OF SIZE AND BRIGHTNESS, J. mod. opt., 40(11), 1993, pp. 2267-2274
The use of moment invariants in the frequency plane is proposed for pa
ttern recognition. Moment invariants are theoretically derived in the
case of translation, rotation, and changes of size and brightness. The
usefulness of the moment invariants is shown by numerical experiments
using Chinese characters and model car images with grey-level intensi
ties.