PREVENTION OF CISPLATIN-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICOSIS IN DOGS, USING HYPERTONIC SALINE SOLUTION AS THE VEHICLE OF ADMINISTRATION

Me determined whether administration of cisplatin in hypertonic saline solution would prevent significant decrease in renal function, as mea sured by exogenous creatinine clearance, in healthy dogs. A single dos e of cisplatin (70 mg/m(2) of body surface) was mixed in 3% saline sol ution and was infused rv (6.5 ml/kg of body weight) over a 20-minute p eriod to 6 healthy dogs. Exogenous creatinine clearance was determined prior to treatment of dogs with cisplatin and again on days 3 and 21 after administration of cisplatin. All 6 dogs vomited at least once wi thin 12 hours of treatment with cisplatin; however, clinically importa nt changes in appetite, bodyweight, or hydration status were not appar ent during the 21-day study. Although mean values for exogenous creati nine clearance decreased from baseline on days 3 and 21, changes were not significantly different. Renal histologic lesions included mild, c hronic, lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis in 5 dogs, and presum ably, were unrelated to treatment with cisplatin. Mild renal tubular a trophy (n = 2) and tubular necrosis (n = 1) may have developed seconda ry to treatment with cisplatin. Results of this study indicated that a dministration of a single dose of cisplatin in 3% saline solution to h ealthy dogs was not associated with significant decrease in glomerular filtration rate. This is a convenient protocol for administering cisp latin; however, additional study is required before it can be recommen ded for clinical patients, especially those with preexisting renal dis ease or those receiving multiple doses of cisplatin.