CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF AN EXTRACELLULAR CA2-SENSING RECEPTORFROM BOVINE PARATHYROID()

MAINTENANCE of a stable internal environment within complex organisms requires specialized cells that sense changes in the extracellular con centration of specific ions (such as Ca2+). Although the molecular nat ure of such ion sensors is unknown, parathyroid cells possess a cell s urface Ca2+-sensing mechanism that also recognizes trivalent and polyv alent cations (such as neomycin) and couples by changes in phosphoinos itide turnover and cytosolic Ca2+ to regulation of parathyroid hormone secretion1-4. The latter restores normocalcaemia by acting on kidney and bone2. We now report the cloning of complementary DNA encoding an extracellular Ca2+-sensing receptor from bovine parathyroid with pharm acological and functional properties nearly identical to those of the native receptor. The novel approximately 120K receptor shares limited similarity with the metabotropic glutamate receptors5 and features a l arge extracellular domain, containing clusters of acidic amino-acid re sidues possibly involved in calcium binding, coupled to a seven-membra ne-spanning domain like those in the G-protein-coupled receptor superf amily.