POSSIBILITIES FOR NEW BLACK-LIQUOR PROCESSES IN THE PULPING INDUSTRY - ENERGY AND EMISSIONS

The strongest driving force in the pulp industry is the environment. N ew process equipment has been installed to reduce emissions and chlori ne usage. Recently, more attention has been paid to mill closure. Some of the promising new technologies are waste-water evaporation, green- liquor clarification and thermal-heat-treatment of black liquor. Black -liquor gasification requires more materials technology research. The best way to meet new demands is to modernize the basic process step by step, one unit at a time.