M. Tremayne et Aj. Richards, HOMOSTYLY AND HERKOGAMOUS VARIATION IN PRIMULA-L SECTION MUSCARIOIDESBALF-F, Evolutionary trends in plants, 7(2), 1993, pp. 67-72
In the Sinohimalayan section of Primula, Muscarioides, 11 species are
distylous; unusually, at least four of these are or can be tetraploid.
P. concholoba and P. watsonii are tetraploid homostyles with thrum ty
pe pollen which are probably secondary in origin. Particularly in P. w
atsonii, there is considerable variation in herkogamy, which it is sug
gested may be associated with the narrow-tubed lepidopterophilous flow
ers. In both subspecies of P. bellidifolia, diploids and tetraploids,
and distylous and homostylous individuals occur. There is no clear rel
ationship between 'ploidy level, mating system and altitude, but subsp
. bellidifolia is more often tetraploid and homostylous than is subsp.
hyacinthina. In this species there is also considerable herkogamous v
ariation between both homostylous and distylous individuals.