AN INTEGRATED INS GPS APPROACH TO THE GEOREFERENCING OF REMOTELY-SENSED DATA

A general model for the georeferencing of remotely sensed data by an o nboard positioning and orientation system is presented as a problem of rigid body motion. The determination of the six independent parameter s of motion by discrete measurements from inertial and satellite syste ms is directly related to the problem of exterior orientation. The con tribution of each measuring system to the determination of the three t ranslational and three rotational parameters is treated in detail, wit h emphasis on the contribution of inertial navigation systems (INS) an d single- and multi-antenna receivers of the Global Positioning System (GPS). The advantages of an integrated INS/GPS approach are briefly d iscussed. Positioning and orientation accuracies obtainable from avail able systems are then highlighted using selected results to emphasize significant points. The implementation of the general georeferencing c oncept is demonstrated by brief descriptions of a number of projects i n which The University of Calgary group is currently involved. They in clude aerial photography applications, airborne tests with pushbroom i magers, motion compensation for SLAR systems, and the development of a mobile survey system for a road inventory GIS using digital frame cam eras. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of some application areas which offer a high potential for future development.