Twenty-two male and 20 female adults with Down's syndrome were examine
d. Ten of the men and two of the women had a follicular rash consisten
t with Malassezia folliculitis. Oral itraconazole treatment produced a
significant improvement in the rash, accompanied by a decrease in the
skin Malassezia count. Clinical relapse occurred when therapy was dis
continued, and was accompanied by return of the Malassezia yeasts.