Ancestor worship in Japan is ritual, supported by a sophisticated theo
ry, by which the living manage their bonds with the dead. Differing cu
ltural values on autonomy/dependence create differences in interperson
al bonds, thus different dynamics in breaking and continuing bonds aft
er death. This article defines ancestor worship and places in its hist
orical/political context, discusses autonomy and dependence as cultura
l values in terms of expressions and resolutions of grief, and describ
es ancestor worship as processes similar to the resolution of grief in
the modern West.