K. Takagi et al., ALIGNMENT BY POLING AND REGIOSELECTIVE PHOTODIMERIZATION OF STILLBAZOLIUM IONS DISPERSED IN POLYELECTROLYTES, Chemistry Letters, (12), 1993, pp. 2103-2106
4-(N,N-Dimethylamino)stilbazolium ion dispersed in thin films of poly(
styrenesulfonates) (PSS) or copolymer of poly(ethylene and maleates) (
PEcoMA) was shown to be aligned by electric field poling on the basis
of the resulting photodimerization giving the syn-head-to-head dimers.