EFFECTS OF DELAYED COMMUNICATION IN DYNAMIC GROUP FORMATION

We investigate how delayed communication affects the dynamic formation of groups in distributed systems, where all decision-making agents jo in the same group because each expects to improve its own performance. For example, distributed job schedulers may form a group to utilize t he idle resources of other members within the group. Forming a group i s a search problem and we examine agents that use the feedback mechani sm of stochastic learning automata to carry out this search. Although a group formation may have the potential for synergy, the agents must successfully coordinate their actions within the group relevant to the application. For example, job schedulers who form a group must still balance the load among the shared resources; that is, the collective a ctions of the schedulers need to be coordinated and greedy schedulers who all pick the same processor may not be successful. Agents may find that working alone is more desirable since their actions need not be coordinated and the results of their own actions are more predictable. An additional challenge to the search problem is to cope with the del ay in communication between the agents. The purpose of this study is t o model systems where agents adaptively search for compatible co-worke rs, under the constraint of delayed communication. With insufficient c ommunication, the agents decide to work alone (and receive a modest be nefit) but, with sufficient communication, the agents make the more ad vantageous decision to work together.