EFFECT OF ENDOTHELIN(A)-RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST BQ-123 AND PHOSPHORAMIDONON CEREBRAL VASOSPASM

The present study was designed to determine whether an endothelin(A) ( ET(A))-receptor antagonist BQ-123 (cyclo[Dtrp, Dasp, pro-D-Val-Leu]) o r an ET-converting enzyme inhibitor phosphoramidon may prevent develop ment of cerebral vasospasm after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). A ''do uble hemorrhage'' canine model of the disease was used (n = 17 dogs), and the degree of vasospasm of the basilar artery was assessed by angi ography. Mongrel dogs of either sex were divided into three experiment al groups: animals treated with daily intracisternal injections of BQ- 123 (10(-4) M; n = 6) or phosphoramidon (2 x 10(-4) M; n = 6) and cont rol animals treated with saline solution (n = 5). Diameter of basilar arteries in animals treated with saline solution was reduced by SAH to 56 +/- 7% of control diameter. BQ-123 and phosphoramidon did not sign ificantly affect SAH-induced vasospasm (diameters were 62 +/- 0% and 5 6 +/- 10% of control diameters for BQ-123 and phosphoramidon, respecti vely). In contrast, in isolated canine basilar arteries BQ-123 (10(-5) M) selectively inhibited concentration-dependent contractions to ET-1 (10(-11)-3 x 10(-8) M; n = 5). Levels of immunoreactive ET in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid were not affected by development of vasospasm. These results suggest that intracisternal injections of ET(A)-recepto r antagonist or phosphoramidon cannot prevent SAH-induced cerebral vas ospasm and that ET-1 may not be the major mediator responsible for the decrease in cerebral arterial diameter associated with SAH.