N. Pras et al., MUCUNA PRURIENS - IMPROVEMENT OF THE BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PRODUCTION OF THE ANTI-PARKINSON DRUG L-DOPA BY PLANT-CELL SELECTION, Pharmacy world & science, 15(6), 1993, pp. 263-268
Routinely grown cell suspension cultures of Mucuna pruriens L. (Fabace
ae) were able to endogenously accumulate the anti-Parkinson drug L-dih
ydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa) in the range between 0.2 and 2% on a dry
weight (DW) basis. The green colour that developed in light-exposed cu
ltures, appeared to be a suitable marker to select cells with an incre
ased L-dopa biosynthesis and/or phenoloxidase activity. For this purpo
se, saccharose concentrations from 0 to 4% (w/v), and light intensitie
s of 1,000 and 2,000 lux, were involved in the selection procedure. Af
ter 6 months, photomixotrophic callus cultures with a rapid growth and
a high L-dopa content of 0.9% (DW) were obtained on 2% saccharose and
under 1,000 lux. The cell suspensions, derived from these calli, accu
mulated up to 6% (DW) L-dopa, which was the highest stable content eve
r measured in cultures of M. pruriens. An L-dopa yield of approximatel
y 1.2 g/l was calculated after 6 days of growth. In contrast, compared
with the standard-grown parent cell line, the phenoloxidase activity,
and consequently the bioconversion capacity as measured after entrapm
ent in calcium alginate, of these high-producing cultures was approxim
ately threefold lower.