TOXICITY OF INSECTICIDES USED IN CITRUS TO APHYTIS-MELINUS DEBACH (HYMENOPTERA, APHELINIDAE) AND RHIZOBIUS-LOPHANTHAE (BLAISD) (COLEOPTERA,COCCINELLIDAE)

The 48-h toxicities of freshly deposited residues of 28 insecticides a gainst Aphytis melinus DeBach and Rhizobius lophanthae (Blaisd.) were evaluated at various rates. Rates as high as 4-fold the recommended fi eld rate of several materials (formulated plant alkaloids, amitraz, fo rmulated Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner endotoxin or exotoxin, and cr yolite) revealed little mortality to either species. Concentration-mor tality regressions were quantified for the remaining materials, which included five carbamates, a macrocyclic lactone, eight organophosphate s, and four pyrethroids. Of these, pyrethroids in general were most to xic, followed by carbamates, and then organophosphates, to both specie s. Most materials tested were more toxic to A. melinus than to R. loph anthae