OFFENSE CLASSIFICATION AND SOCIAL FACILITATION IN JUVENILE-DELINQUENCY

Considerable research has investigated the effects of social facilitat ion on either positive or neutral behaviors, but little if any researc h has examined whether the presence of others can lead to greater leve ls of negative behavior. The purpose of this project was to explore th e influence of social facilitation on patterns and severity of offense s committed by juvenile delinquents. Study 1 compared the severity of crime (as measured by the offense classification) as a function of 130 currently incarcerated juvenile delinquents' self-reports of whether their crime was committed alone or with others. Results suggested that juveniles tend to act in concert with others in delinquent acts. Whit e females tended to act in concert with others more than African-Ameri can female adolescents in the commission of delinquent acts. However, no significant effects were found for social facilitation and severity of crime, even when controlling for MMPI lie scores. Study 2 addresse d the same question, but used an archival approach. Data was obtained for criminal charges and whether the crime happened in the presence or absence of others from random sample of 30 records from a juvenile de linquency home. The best predictor of severity of crime from this samp le was the number of people involved with the crime. The study therefo re provides limited support for Zajonc's drive theory that suggests so cial facilitation can have a non-directional effect on behavior.