We consider the following four Lie groups: GL(n, H), Sp(n), GL(n, H) S
p(1), Sp(n) Sp(1), and the corresponding G-structures on 4n-dimensiona
l manifolds M. We study their infinitesimal automorphisms xi and the r
elations between them, in particular when M is a hyperkahler or a quat
ernion Kahler manifold. We obtain the vanishing of all the infinitesim
al automorphisms on compact quaternion Kahler manifolds with negative
scalar curvature, and a formula relating the zeroes of xi with the cha
racteristic numbers of M in the positive scalar curvature case.