India's long tradition of agroforestry has been influenced by numerous
religious, social, and economic factors. Several indigenous agrofores
try systems, based on peoples' needs and site-specific characteristics
, have developed over the years. Agroforestry research was initiated i
n the country about two decades ago; since then, considerable progress
has been achieved. The interactions between and among the tree, crop,
grass, and animal components have been studied, and several agrofores
try technologies have been developed and tried on farmers' lands. Agro
forestry research is now conducted under the auspices of the All India
Coordinated Agroforestry Research Project of the Indian Council of Ag
ricultural Research at 31 centers distributed over India's tropical an
d temperate regions. In addition to research, the program includes agr
oforestry training of farmers, technicians, and scientists at 28 cente
rs throughout the country. Expectations from agroforestry are high in
India in both rural and urban areas; these expectations include produc
tion benefits that are in harmony with the ecology, environment, tradi
tions, and heritage of the country.